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Table 3 Parameter estimates and test statistics for negative binomial models of incidence of tick-borne diseases in Norway 2006–2015. For Lyme borreliosis, the data include both western and eastern parts of Norway. For the livestock diseases, the analyses only include western Norway due to few livestock-disease cases in the east. Continuous variables were scaled (mean = 0, SD = 1)
| Parameter | Estimate | SE | Z | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lyme borreliosis | ||||
| Intercept | -10.86 | 0.85 | -12.80 | < 0.001 |
| Distance to coast | -1.00 | 0.34 | -2.99 | 0.003 |
| Region (‘west’ vs ‘east’) | 3.47 | 1.06 | 3.27 | 0.001 |
| Prop. area > 200 masl | -2.15 | 0.76 | -2.83 | 0.005 |
| sqrt(prop. area human settlement) | -0.55 | 0.18 | -2.97 | 0.003 |
| Region (‘west’ vs ‘east’)*(Prop. area > 200 masl) | 1.71 | 0.75 | 2.29 | 0.022 |
| Babesiosis cattle | ||||
| Intercept | -5.09 | 0.15 | -32.89 | < 0.001 |
| Distance to coast | -0.35 | 0.15 | -2.29 | 0.022 |
| log(spatial deer density+0.001) | 0.64 | 0.19 | 3.37 | 0.001 |
| Anaplasmosis cattle | ||||
| Intercept | -5.33 | 0.22 | -24.59 | < 0.001 |
| Distance to coast | -0.29 | 0.21 | -1.38 | 0.169 |
| sqrt(prop. area agricultural fields) | 0.64 | 0.24 | 2.65 | 0.008 |
| Anaplasmosis sheep | ||||
| Intercept | -6.25 | 0.35 | -18.02 | < 0.001 |
| Distance to coast | -1.93 | 0.38 | -5.07 | < 0.001 |
| Health recordings | 0.56 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 0.024 |
| log(density of outfield grazing sheep) | 1.58 | 0.40 | 3.98 | < 0.001 |
