Fig. 2

Inhibitory effects of individual and co-treatment of Aedes aegypti cecropins on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines production in mouse peritoneal macrophages and human PBMCs. Inhibitory effects of AeaeCec1-5 on LPS-stimulated inflammatory response were analyzed by ELISA assay. Production of TNF-α, IL-1β andIL-6 in peritoneal macrophages (a-c) and in human PBMCs (d-f) were analyzed 6 h after LPS (100 ng/ml) incubation in presence of PBS, individual AeaeCec peptides (5 μM), AeaeCec1-5 mixture (1 μM each), cecropin-TY1 (CTY, 5 μM) and scrambled cecropin-TY1 (sCTY, 5 μM) as control peptide [25]. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01