Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the wild and its most important reservoir hosts in Brazil

Parasites & Vectors

Table 1 Trypanosoma cruzi natural infection in free-living wild mammals of Brazilian biomes: consolidated results showing the total number of non-volant mammalian orders, genera and species examined by blood cultures and serological tests (indirect immunofluorescence test, IFAT)

Biomes	No. of orders	No. of genera	No. of species	HC(+)/ specimens tested (%) [95% CI]	IFAT(+)/ specimens tested (%) [95% CI]	χ²-value^a	P-value
Amazon Forest	7	33	31	90/402 (22) [18–26]	168/398 (42) [37–47]	35.968	<0.0001
Atlantic Forest	5	44	53	205/2416 (8) [7–9]	340/2375 (14) [12–15]	40.388	<0.0001
Caatinga	5	24	23	99/1005 (10) [8–11]	225/952 (24) [20–26]	67.235	<0.0001
Cerrado	7	54	67	47/1973 (2) [1, 2]	191/1838 (10) [10–12]	132.321	<0.0001
Pampa	4	10	8	0	15/106 (14)	16.142
Pantanal	5	27	19	75/791 (9) [7–11]	155/762 (20) [17–23]	36.278	<0.0001
Total				516/6587 (8)	1094/6431 (17)	762.23	<0.0001

^adf =1
Difference between the rates of animals with positive blood cultures and positive serology among biomes were tested by ANOVA (F = 12.61, P = 0.0075). Comparison between the rates of animals with positive blood cultures and positive serology among biomes using Chi-square test (HC: χ² = 34.532, df = 5, P < 0.000; IFAT: χ² = 30.36, df = 5, P < 0.0001).
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HC(+), number of specimens with positive hemocultures; IFAT(+), number of specimens with positive IFAT test

ISSN: 1756-3305