|
Malaria transmission intensity
|
High
|
High
|
Low
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Study locations
|
Districts of Ifangni, Sakété, Pobé and Kétou (Departement de Plateau)
|
Districts of Garoua, Pitoa and Mayo Oulo (North region)
|
Subdistrict of Keshkal (Kondagaon, Chhattisgarh)
|
Districts of Teso, Rachuonyo, Nyando and Bondo (western Kenya)
|
El Hoosh and Hag Abdalla (Gezira State); Galabat (Gedarif State; New Halfa (Kassala State)
|
|
Number of clusters sampled
|
32
|
38
|
80
|
61
|
79
|
|
Entomological sampling points (years)
|
2011–2015
|
2012–2015
|
2013–2016
|
2011–2015
|
2011–2014
|
|
Main malaria vectors
|
Anopheles gambiae (s.s.)a, Anopheles coluzziia
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An. arabiensisa, An. gambiae (s.s.)a, An. funestus
|
An. culicfacies
a
|
An. gambiae (s.s.)a, An. arabiensisa, An. funestus
|
An. arabiensis
a
|
|
Vector control interventions
|
High coverage of ITNs (primarily PermaNet 2.0) in all clusters
|
High coverage of ITNs (PermaNet 2.0) in all clusters
|
High coverage of ITNs (PermaNet 2.0) in all clusters
|
High coverage of ITNs (PermaNet 2.0 and Olyset Net) in all clusters. Rachuonyo and Nyando received IRS with deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin in 2012, but no IRS was carried out subsequently
|
High coverage of ITNs (PermaNet 2.0) in all study clusters. In each study area half of clusters randomly allocated to receive additional IRS with bendiocarb
|
|
Baseline insecticide resistance information (cluster-specific range)
|
Kdr frequency by cluster ranged from 44 to 93% (2011) WHO Bioassay mortality to deltamethrin ranged between 20–100% (2011)
|
Kdr frequency by cluster ranged from 9 to 65% (2011) WHO Bioassay mortality to deltamethrin ranged between 43–100% (2012)
|
WHO Bioassay mortality to deltamethrin ranged between 86–100%
|
WHO Bioassay mortality to deltamethrin ranged between 1–100% (2011)
|
Kdr frequency by cluster ranged from 8.3 to 70.8% (2010); WHO Bioassay mortality to deltamethrin in sentinel clusters ranged between 47–100% (2011)
|
