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Table 2 Larval longevity and swimming ratio of Sparicotyle chrysophrii by environmental factor

From: Come rain or come shine: environmental effects on the infective stages of Sparicotyle chrysophrii, a key pathogen in Mediterranean aquaculture

Environmental factor

Factor level

Na

Survival period (h)

Swimming ratio (%)

Mean ± SD (Range)

Mean ± SD (Range)

Temperature (± 0.1 °C)

10

44b

33.5 ± 28.0 (4–104)b

72.6 ± 22.6 (12.5–96.2)b

14

273

20.5 ± 17.7 (0–100)

61.9 ± 24.5 (0–94.7)

18

280

17.3 ± 13.9 (0–72)

61.4 ± 25.4 (0–93.8)

22

281

12.9 ± 9.0 (0–52)

53.7 ± 26.3 (0–92.3)

26

232

9.5 ± 7.1 (0–32)

43.9 ± 24.9 (0–85.7)

30

20

3.6 ± 2.2 (0–8)

18.8 ± 10.3 (0–25.0)

pH (± 0.1)

7.0

168

7.7 ± 7.0 (0–40)

37.6 ± 22.9 (0–90.0)

7.9

281

12.9 ± 9.0 (0–52)

53.7 ± 26.3 (0–92.3)

Light regime (light:darkness)

12:12

281

12.9 ± 8.7 (0–52)

54.5 ± 23.5 (0–88. 9)

0:24

268

12.8 ± 9.3 (0–48)

57.1 ± 23.1 (0–90.0)

24:0

249

12.4 ± 7.5 (0–40)

52.9 ± 24.7 (0–92.3)

Salinity(ppt)-Temperature (± 0.1 °C)

27−18

134

12.9 ± 8.5 (0–36)

57.7 ± 22.2 (0–88.9)

36−18

128

15.8 ± 8.7 (4–40)

62.6 ± 20.0 (12.5–90.0)

37−18

98

31.6 ± 19.1 (4–84)

77.3 ± 21.2 (12.5–95.2)

38−18

122

26.1 ± 12.4 (4–56)

76.5 ± 16.6 (12.5–92.9)

47−18

155

13.4 ± 9.5 (0–44)

55.9 ± 28.2 (0–90.9)

27−22

128

13.3 ± 14.1 (0–76)

48.5 ± 33.3 (0–90.9)

36−22

112

13.4 ± 6.5 (4–48)

61.0 ± 17.0 (12.5–91.7)

37−22

123

13.9 ± 7.0 (4–32)

61.6 ± 20.0 (25.0–87.5)

38−22

103

13.7 ± 10.6 (4–44)

51.9 ± 25.5 (25.0–90.9)

47−22

97

15.6 ± 13.8 (0–44)

53.3 ± 31.5 (0–90.9)

  1. aN, number of emerged oncomiracidia used to calculate the survival period and swimming ratio
  2. bIncludes replicates with emerged eggs (R = 3)