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Table 3 Bartonella spp. clinico-epidemiological studies performed in European dogs

From: Bartonella infections in cats and dogs including zoonotic aspects

Country (area, year)

Total no. of animals studied (lifestyle)

Percentage of positive animalsa

Confirmed Bartonella spp. and type using molecular methods

Reference

Serology (method or antigen used)b

Blood PCR

Albania (Tirana, 2009)

30 (stray)

0 (ELISA)

0

na

[222]

Finland (southern, 2014)

390 (client-owned and hunting)

nr

0

na

[223]

Greece (Thessaloniki, 2009)

50 (client-owned sick)

nr

4

B. rochalimae, Bartonella strain HMD

[32]

Italy (Sassari, 2007)

58 (shelter, client-owned)

28.3

nr

na

[199]

Italy (Bologna, 2007)

381 (client-owned)

6

nr

na

[224]

Italy (Basilicata, Ginosa, 2009)

60 (shelter and client-owned)

6.6; 1.7 (B. vinsonii berkhoffii)

11.6

B. henselae, B. vinsonii berkhoffii types I and II, Bartonella strain HMD

[32]

Italy (Sardinia, 2009)

190 (nr)

9.5

0

na

[73]

Italy (Aeolian Islands, 2017)

263 (client-owned)

nr

0

na

[205]

Poland (Warsaw, 2007)

54 (nr)

5.0; 5.5 (B. vinsonii berkhoffii)

10.2

B. henselae, B. vinsonii berkhoffii

[208]

Poland (northwestern, 2011)

242 (client-owned and shelter)

nr

0.3

Bartonella spp.

[225]

Portugal (southern, 2014)

1010 (client-owned and stray)

nr

0

na

[211]

Spain (northern, 2006)

466 (client-owned)

16.8; 1.1 (B. vinsonii berkhofii)

nr

na

[74]

Spain (Barcelona, 2009)

153 (nr)

nr

0

na

[226]

Spain (north-west, 2018)

61 (client-owned Leishmania infected sick dogs);

40

nr

na

[227]

16 (client-owned healthy)

21

Spain (north-west, north-east, south-east, 2018)

30 (client-owned dogs with culture negative endocarditis)

nr

26.6c

B. rochalimae, B. vinsonii berkhoffii, B. koehlerae

[136]

Spain (north-east, 2018)

68 (client-owned dogs with pericardial effusion)

nr

0d

na

[228]

UK (2000)

100 (client-owned)

3 (ELISA)

nr

na

[72]

UK (Bristol, 2002)

211 (nr)

nr

nr

na

[221]

  1. aBlood culture was not performed in any of the listed studies with the exception of one study performed in Bristol that did not isolate Bartonella in dogs studied [221]
  2. bTested by IFA for B. henselae antigen unless another method or antigen is indicated
  3. cSamples were from cardiac valve tissue and blood
  4. dSamples were from pericardial effusion and blood
  5. Abbreviations: ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IFA indirect immunofluorescence assay, na not applicable, nr not reported