Fig. 4
The trade-off between fecundity and survival longevity drives population persistence. A. coluzzii mosquito populations are shown to go extinct if fecundity and survival times are reduced. Panel a illustrates extinction (in model M1), survival time is increased while keeping fecundity low (F = 5 eggs). Panel b shows that persistence is achieved be increasing F to 15 eggs. Panels c and d demonstrate that persistence is easily sustained in the aestivation model, M2, at low active adult mosquito survival times and minimal reproduction. Panels e-g show the trade-off between fecundity and survival longevity in the no-aestivation model. Increasing fecundity (eggs laid), allows relatively short-lived mosquitoes to persist. Panels h-j, demonstrate more robust persistence under similar conditions in the aestivation model. Parameters used are as given in Tables 1 and 2; however, the parameters F (fecundity) and μI or μd (survival) are varied as shown in the panels