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Fig. 4 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 4

From: Wolbachia introduction into Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) cell lines and its effects on immune-related gene expression and interaction with Leishmania infantum

Fig. 4

Immune system genes expression in Wolbachia-infected Lulo cells after stable infection. Several immune-related genes expression were compared between Lulo cells lines. Lulo cells infected with wMelPop-CLA showed significantly lower expression of the genes Cactus 1, Caspar, PIAS, Prophenoloxidase and TEP1. However, for the gene Relish, and the AMPs Attacin, Cecropin and Defensin, there was no difference between both groups (P > 0.05). Data were analysed by Mann-Whitney U-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

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