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Table 1 Wolbachia dependent phenotypes in Anopheles. The phenotypes of different Wolbachia strains infecting Anopheles species are summarized. ↑, ↓, = indicate increased, decreased or stable associations or influence on the trait/phenotype, respectively. CI indicates cytoplasmic incompatibity. One asterisks refers to induced maternal transmission by microbiome suppression [31], two asterisks to a temperature dependent phenotype [43], three asterisks refer to the present study

From: First report of natural Wolbachia infection in the malaria mosquito Anopheles arabiensis in Tanzania

Wolbachia strain

Anopheles species

Type of infection

Maternal transmission

CI

Plasmodium infection

Other phenotypes

Reference

wAlbB

An. stephensi

Artificial

Yes

Yes

P. falciparum:

↓oocysts;

↓ sporozoites

↑ immune response

[17, 44]

P. berghei:

↓ oocysts;

↓ sporozoites

wAlbB

An. gambiae

Artificial

No/Yes*

No

P. falciparum:

↓ oocysts

↑/↓immune response

[31, 45, 46]

P. berghei:

↑ oocysts

wAlbB

An. stephensi

Artificial

No/Yes*

No

P. yoelii:

↑/↓ oocysts**;

↑/↓ sporozoites**

↑ immune response**

[31]

wMelPop

An. gambiae

Artificial

No

No

P. falciparum:

↓ oocysts

↑ immune response

[45,46,47]

P. berghei:

↓/= oocysts

↓ survival

wAnga_BF

An. gambiae; An. coluzzii; An. arabiensis

Natural

Yes

No

P. falciparum:

↓ prevalence

↑ oviposition rate

[11,12,13]

wAnga_Mali

An. gambiae; An. coluzzii

Natural

Yes

No

P. falciparum:

↓ oocysts;

↓ sporozoites

?

[14]

wAnga_TZ

An. arabiensis

Natural

?

?

?

?

***