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Table 2 Summary of successful studies on captive wildlife with a post-treatment monitoring period

From: The treatment of sarcoptic mange in wildlife: a systematic review

Treated species and reference

No. of animals treated

Severitya

Treatmentb

Duration of post-treatment monitoring

Drug(s) administered

Dose & delivery method

No. of doses

Treatment interval between doses

American black bear (Ursus americanus), Van Wick et al. (2018) [21]

1

Severe

a) Fluralaner;

b) Lactated Ringer’s solution;

c) Hydrogenated iron

a) 44 mg/kg PO;

b) 40 ml/kg SC;

c) 10 mg/kg IM

a) 1;

b) 1;

c) 1

na

13 weeks

Mara (Dolichotis caviae), Kim et al. (2015) [25]

2/16 (i.e. clinically affected individuals)

Moderate

a) Amitraz;

b) Prednisolone

a) 0.025% wash;

b) 2 ml IM

a) 4;

b) 4

a) 7 days;

b) 7 days

 

16/16 (i.e. colony-wide treatment)

Mild to moderate

a) Ivermectin;

b) Prednisolone

a) 400 µg/kg SC;

b) 2 ml IM

a) 4;

b) 4

a) 7 days;

b) 7 days

104 weeks

Raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), Kido et al. (2014) [27]

68

Moderate to severe

Ivermectin

400 µg/kg SC

2

14 days

18 weeks on average

157

Moderate to severe

a) Ivermectin;

b) Cephalexin;

c) Lactated Ringer’s solution

a) 400 µg/kg SC;

b) 20 mg/kg PO;

c) Intravenous

a) 3;

b) 14;

c) 1

a) 14 days;

b) 12 hours;

c) na

18 weeks on average

Southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latrifrons), Ruykys et al. (2013) [24]

2/5 (i.e. captive wombats)

Severe

Ivermectin

200 µg/kg SC

1

na

7–10 weeks, depending on the animal

African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), Munang’Andu et al. (2010) [26]

77

Mild to severe

Ivermectin

200 µg/kg SC

4

30 days

6 weeks

Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), Menzano et al. (2008) [20]

3

Moderate to severe

Ivermectin

300 µg/kg SC

3

15 days

52 weeks

Bare-nosed wombat (Vombatus ursinus), Skerratt et al. (2003) [28]

2/7 (i.e. Experiment one)

Mild to severe

a) Ivermectin;

b) Procaine penicillin;

c) Benzaine penicillin

a) 300 µg/kg SC;

b) 15 mg/kg IM;

c) 11 mg/kg IM

a) 3;

b) 1;

c) 1

a) 10 days;

b) na;

c) na

22 weeks

 

7/7 (i.e. Experiment two)

Mild to severe

a) Ivermectin;

b) Procaine penicillin;

c) Benzaine penicillin

a) 300 µg/kg SC;

b) 15 mg/kg IM;

c) 11 mg/kg IM

a) 3;

b) 1;

c) 1

a) 10 days;

b) na;

c) na

8 weeks

 

3/7 (i.e. wombats whose mange recurred in Experiment two)

Mild

Ivermectin

300 µg/kg SC

3

10 days

18 weeks

Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), Leon-Vizcaino et al. (2001) [23]

3

Moderate

Ivermectin

400 µg/kg SC

1

na

8 weeks

3

Moderate

Ivermectin

400 µg/kg SC or superficial IM by rifle dart

1

na

8 weeks

3

Moderate

Ivermectin

200 µg/kg SC

1

na

8 weeks

3

Severe

Ivermectin

200 µg/kg SC

2

14 days

6 weeks

3

Severe

Ivermectin

400 µg/kg SC

2

14 days

6 weeks

17

None to mild

a) Phoxim;

b) Ivermectin

a) 500 mg/l topical spray;

b) 400 µg/kg SC

a) 1;

b) 1

na

45 weeks

32

Mild to moderate

a) Phoxim;

b) Ivermectin

a) 500 mg/l topical spray;

b) 200–400 µg/kg SC or superficial IM by rifle dart

a) 1;

b) 3

a) na;

b) 14 days

45 weeks

Chamois (Rupricapra pyrenaica), Lavin et al. (2000) [51]

2

Mild to moderate

Ivermectin

200 µg/kg SC

2

15 days

2 weeks

Red fox (Vulpes vulpes), Little et al. (1998) [52]

5

Severe

Ivermectin

400 µg/kg SC

2

14 days

8–15 weeks, depending on the animal

  1. aSeverity of mange prior to treatment
  2. bAlphabetized bullet points indicate different medications delivered concurrently
  3. Abbreviation: na, not applicable