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Table 3 Multivariable logistic regression analysis of risk factors for filarial antigenaemia in the total population. Likelihood-ratio test for random effect vs fixed effect model, final model (P = 0.005)

From: Risk factors for lymphatic filariasis in two villages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Variable

Category

Full model

Final model

Adj OR (95% CI)

P

Adj OR (95% CI)

P

Age (ref: 5–10 years-old)

11–20

2.72 (1.42–5.20)

0.002

3.03 (1.59–5.75)

0.001

21–35

5.19 (2.53–10.65)

<0.001

5.46 (2.68–11.12)

0.001

> 35

8.23 (4.05–16.73)

<0.001

9.12 (4.47–18.61)

<0.001

Sex (ref: female)

Male

1.82 (1.25–2.66)

0.002

1.75 (1.20–2.53)

0.003

Village (ref: Mbumkimi)

Misay

0.92 (0.54–1.56)

0.758

  

Bednets (ref: yes)

No

1.46 (0.99–2.14)

0.056

1.57 (1.06–2.33)

0.023

Latrines (ref: no)

Yes

0.88 (0.54–1.43)

0.609

  

Fishing (ref: no)

Yes

1.27 (0.83–1.94)

0.277

  

Occasional stay in the bush (ref: no)

Yes

1.35 (0.86–2.11)

0.186

1.45 (0.92–2.28)

0.105

Agriculture activity (ref: no)

Yes, same side

2.10 (1.07–4.11)

0.031

2.15 (1.11–4.17)

0.024

Yes, other side

2.07 (1.15–3.71)

0.015

2.21 (1.25–3.90)

0.006

Previous AH treatment (ref: yes)

No

1.77 (1.13–2.77)

0.012

1.82 (1.16–2.87)

0.010

na

2.10 (0.89–4.96)

0.090

2.05 (0.84–4.94)

0.111

Population density (ref: low)

Intermediate

0.99 (0.57–1.71)

0.969

  

High

1.31 (0.77–2.25)

0.322

  

na

1.51 (0.59–3.87)

0.387

  

Distance to Nsitim River (ref: > 400 m)

300–400 m

1.40 (0.84–2.34)

0.198

1.41 (0.89–2.21)

0.140

0–300 m

2.44 (0.99–6.01)

0.052

2.78 (1.14–6.74)

0.024

Distance to Kwilu River (ref: > 400 m)

300–400 m

0.64 (0.32–1.30)

0.216

  

0–300 m

1.23 (0.64–2.36)

0.543

  

Number of household members

 

1.04 (0.93–1.18)

0.475

  
  1. Abbreviations: Adj OR, adjusted odds ratio; AH, anthelmintic drug; CI, confidence interval; na, not available