Fig. 5

Mosquito reproduction and survival in response to perturbations of host blood quality and host time-of-day (Experiment 1). Shown are Kaplan–Meier curves for the time taken to lay (a), mean ± SE clutch size (b), and Kaplan–Meier curves for mosquito survival (c, d). AM indicates a morning feed at 09:00 GMT (ZT 2) and PM an evening feed at 21:00 GMT (ZT 14). Mosquitoes that did not lay are omitted from b, c and d. Due to the negative effect of clutch size on survival Kaplan–Meier curves for survival (c and d) were estimated based on median clutch size of 65. Lines represent time to lay event (a) and survival estimates with 95% confidence intervals in shading (c, d). Anaemia was induced in hosts by phenylhydrazine (125 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally)