Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the siblings grouped in 71 phratries, the remaining controls and the full cohort

Country of origin

 Argentina

3 (1.96)

15 (2.18)

0.865

18 (2.16)

0.875

 Bolivia

144 (94.11)

640 (93.43)

0.757

784 (94.11)

1.000

 Brazil

0

2 (0.29)

0.505

2 (0.24)

0.544

 Chile

0

1 (0.14)

0.141

1 (0.12)

0.668

 Colombia

0

2 (0.29)

0.505

2 (0.24)

0.544

 Ecuador

1 (0.65)

4 (0.58)

0.919

5 (0.60)

0.942

 El Salvador

0

2 (0.29)

0.505

2 (0.24)

0.544

 Honduras

3 (1.96)

5 (0.72)

0.152

8 (0.90)

0.240

 Paraguay

0

6 (0.87)

0.247

6 (0.70)

0.299

 Spain

2 (1.30)

1 (0.14)

0.028*

3 (0.36)

0.132

 Venezuela

0

2 (0.29)

0.505

2 (0.24)

0.544

Sex

 Female

104 (67.97)

457 (66.71)

0.765

561 (67.34)

0.878

 Male

49 (32.02)

223 (32.55)

0.899

272 (32.65)

0.878

Mean age (years)

42

44

44

Pre-treatment PCR

112 (73.20)

495 (73.26)

0.988

607 (72.86)

0.931

 Positive

45 (40.17)

200 (29.19)

0.008*

245 (29.41)

0.008*

Kushnir

142 (92.81)

637 (93.00)

0.934

779 (93.51)

0.749

 K 0

119/142 (83.80)

539/637 (84.61)

0.803

658/779 (84.44)

0.841

 K 1

18/142 (12.67)

77/637 (12.08)

0.840

95/779 (12.19)

0.868

 K 2

2/142 (1.40)

12/637 (1.88)

0.686

14/779 (1.79)

0.734

 K 3

3/142 (2.11)

9/637 (1.41)

0.525

12/779 (1.54)

0.609

Barium enema

128 (83.66)

553 (80.72)

0.399

681 (81.75)

0.572

 Pathologic

24 (18.75)

119 (17.37)

0.685

143 (21.00)

0.527

Esophagogram

109 (71.24)

421 (61.45)

0.023*

530 (63.62)

0.069

 Pathologic

6/109 (5.55)

26/421 (3.79)

0.322

32/530 (6.03)

0.818

Treatment

100 (65.35)

441 (64.37)

0.819

541 (64.94)

0.922

 Benznidazole

91/100 (91)

409/441 (93)

0.392

500/541 (92.00)

0.678

 Posaconazole

9/100 (9)

32/441 (7.2)

0.445

41/541 (7.57)

0.544

Rash (benznidazole)

16/91 (17.58)

88/409 (21.51)

0.279

104/500 (20.80)

0.3628