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Table 5 Pooled prevalences and estimated sources of heterogeneity in the prevalence of oestrosis in sheep and goats

From: The global and regional prevalence of oestrosis in sheep and goats: a systematic review of articles and meta-analysis

Variable

Population

Pooled estimate prevalence (%)

95% CI

Heterogeneity (χ2)

I2 (%)

P-value

World region

 Global estimate

59,086

48.25

41.82–54.67

33,292.86

99.7

< 0.0001

 Africa

16,154

47.85

36.04–59.66

9371.58

99.7

< 0.0001

 Asia

25,548

44.48

33.09–55.87

17,688.62

99.8

< 0.0001

 Europe

16,326

56.83

48.92–64.74

2380.45

99.1

< 0.0001

 North and South America

1058

34.46

19.90–49.01

89.80

95.5

< 0.0001

Age

 Young (≤ 1 year)

18,188

38.30

27.21–49.38

8266.67

99.8

< 0.0001

 Adult (> 1 year)

18,188

49.53

38.02–61.03

7006.91

99.7

< 0.0001

Sex

 Male

12,533

39.55

27.73–51.36

2288.98

99.6

< 0.0001

 Female

12,533

48.74

31.16–66.33

6151.18

99.8

< 0.0001

Origin of sample

 Abattoir

49,124

47.72

40.53–44.90

29,650.45

99.8

< 0.0001

 Farm

9962

50.78

36.49–65.07

2658.55

99.5

< 0.0001

Method of detection

 Necropsy

46,398

47.16

39.81–54.51

29,999.03

99.8

< 0.0001

 Serology

11,075

50.87

39.09–62.65

995.73

99.2

< 0.0001

 Other

1613

56.18

37.80–74.57

360.69

98.3

< 0.0001

Study duration (months)

 ≤ 6

12,200

49.19

37.73–60.64

3046.99

99.4

< 0.0001

 > 6 to ≤ 12

19,908

52.23

40.57–63.89

18,701.79

99.8

< 0.0001

 > 12

22,219

41.78

30.37–53.19

6898.52

99.7

< 0.0001

  1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; χ2, Cochran’s Q Chi square; I2, inverse variance index