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Table 2 Characteristics of the immunosuppressed patients (IS-VL) at the time of VL diagnosis

From: Clinical aspects of visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum in adults. Ten years of experience of the largest outbreak in Europe: what have we learned?

Sex, age (years)

Underlying disease

Origin

Time between starting immunosuppression and VL diagnosis

Corticosteroids (CE)a

Methotrexate

Anti-TNF

Others

Female, 68

RA

Spain

> 1 year

CE, low

Methotrexate

No

No

Male, 50

IBD

Spain

4 months

CE, intermediate

No

No

No

Male, 88

COPD

Spain

> 1 year

CE, high

No

No

No

Male, 64

Psoriatic arthritis

Spain

> 1 year

No

Methotrexate

No

No

Male, 40

UIP

Spain

> 1 year

CE, intermediate

No

No

Azathioprine

Female, 54

RA

Spain

> 1 year

CE, intermediate

Methotrexate

Etanercept

No

Female, 69

RA

Cuba

4 months

CE, intermediate

Methotrexate

No

No

Male, 54

Psoriatic arthritis

Spain

Mtx > 1 year, Eta 10 months

CE, low

Methotrexate

Etanercept

No

Male, 65

COPD

Spain

> 1 year

CE, high

No

No

No

Female, 44

IBD

Spain

> 1 year

No

No

Infliximab

Azathioprine

Female, 60

RA

Spain

> 1 year

No

Methotrexate

No

IL-20

Female, 47

IBD

Spain

16 months

No

No

Adalimumab

No

Female, 44

Psoriasis

Spain

> 1 year

No

Methotrexate

No

No

Male, 72

Giant-cell arteritis

Spain

> 1 year

CE, high

No

No

No

Male, 33

Tubulo-interstitial nephritis

Nigeria

5 months

CE, high

No

No

No

Male, 30

IgA nephropathy

Spain

> 1 year

CE, low

No

No

No

  1. a CE doses (prednisone equivalent): low dose, below 5 mg/day; intermediate dose, 5–10 mg/day; high dose, above 30 mg/day
  2. Abbreviations: RA, rheumatoid arthritis; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia; CE, corticosteroids; IL-20, monoclonal antibody anti-IL-20