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Fig. 1 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 1

From: Differential ABC transporter gene expression in adult Dirofilaria immitis males and females following in vitro treatment with ivermectin, doxycycline or a combination of both

Fig. 1

Expression of Dim-pgp-10 (a), Dim-pgp-11 (b) and Dim-haf-4 (c) genes in adult females of D. immitis treated with the following: 1% DMSO alone (DMSO), 1% DMSO in combination with 3.54 nM IVM (DMSO+IVM), 1% DMSO in combination with 56.5 µM DOXY (DMSO+DOXY), 1% DMSO in combination with 3.54 nM IVM and 56.5 µM DOXY (DMSO+IVM+DOXY). Results are expressed as fold change of the gene of interest (2−ΔΔCt), normalized first to the internal control (housekeeping gene: 18S) and then to the control treatment (plain NI media). Data are presented as the mean ± SD of the three technical replicates per each biological one

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