Laboratory evaluation of stable isotope labeling of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) for adult dispersal studies

Table 1 Effect of stable isotope enrichment on C. sonorensis emergence

Treatment	Average day of emergence (Mean ± SD)	Median day of emergence (Mean ± SD)	No. of emerged adults (Mean ± SD)	No. of emerged adults (Range)
¹³C-High	55.0 ± 9.00^a	55.5 ± 5.66^a	71.4 ± 24.1^a	47–129
¹³C-Low	52.5 ± 9.37^b	53.4 ± 6.04^a	70.5 ± 20.2^a	37–100
¹⁵N-High	56.4 ± 9.28^a	56.9 ± 3.50^a	47.5 ± 22.8^a	23–77
¹⁵N-Low	55.9 ± 10.1^a	57.8 ± 4.61^a	60.4 ± 25.8^a	25–99
Control	50.5 ± 7.23^c	51.3 ± 2.58^a	66.9 ± 30.3^a	19–110

Note: Superscript letters represent significant differences between treatments in a column (P < 0.005)
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation

ISSN: 1756-3305