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Table 8 Cost (in USD) of bacterial larvicide interventions for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa

From: Bacterial larvicides used for malaria vector control in sub-Saharan Africa: review of their effectiveness and operational feasibility

Country

(costing year)

Location (settings)

Population protected

Larvicide (potency)

Product (formulation)

Targeting strategy

Average annual costs

Cost PPPY

References

Tanzania (2006)

Dar es Salaam (urban)

592338

Bti (200 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (CG)

None

559476.3d

0.94

[94]

Kenya (2006)

Vihiga (rural)

609324

Bti (200 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (CG)

Spatial and temporala

916908d

1.50

[94]

Kenya (2006)

Vihiga (rural)

609324

Bti (3000 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (WDG)

Spatial and temporala

480735d

0.79

[94]

Kenya (2006)

Mbita (rural)

55558

Bti (200 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (CG)

Spatialb

138866d

2.50

[94]

Kenya (2006)

Mbita (rural)

55558

Bti (3000 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (WDG)

Spatialb

107669d

1.94

[94]

Burkina Faso (2013)

Nouna (rural)

156000

Bti (3000 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (WDG)

None

163038

1.05

[52]

Burkina Faso (2013)

Nouna (rural)

156000

Bti (3000 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (WDG)

Spatialc

120239

0.77

[52]

Tanzania (2014)

Mvomero (rural)

37083

Bti (not stated)

VectoBac® (CG)

None

53782.53

1.44

[93]

Tanzania (2012)

Dar es Salaam (urban)

6875784

Bti (200 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (CG)

None

5111234

0.87

[92]

Kenya (2005)

Mbita (rural)

8000

Bti (200 and3000) + Bs (50 and 650 ITU/mg)

VectoBac® (WDG & CG) + VectoLex® (WDG & CG)

Spatialb

6773–7026

0.85–0.89

[49]

Burkina Faso (1999)

Bobo-Dioulasso (urban)

19245

Bs (not stated)

VectoLex® (WDG); Spherimos (FC); Locally made (SRG)

None

8400e

0.44

[95]

Burkina Faso (1999)

Ouagadougou (urban)

17776

Bs (not stated)

VectoLex® (WDG), Spherimos (FC), Locally made (SRG)

None

8400e

0.47

[95]

  1. aIntervention in valley bottoms during the main rainy season
  2. bIntervention covering two third of the populated lowlands
  3. cTargeted application of 50% of the most productive habitats
  4. dMid-point published price of larvicide
  5. eCosting included interventions to control both Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus (1€ was approximately 1 USD in the costing year)
  6. Abbreviations: PPPY, per person protected per year; Bti, Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis; Bs, Bacillus sphaericus; ITU, international toxic units; CG, custom granules; WDG, water-dispersible granules; SRG, sustained-release granular; FC, fluid concentrate