Review of malaria situation in Cameroon: technical viewpoint on challenges and prospects for disease elimination

Parasites & Vectors

Table 3 Most prevalent drug resistant mutations in Plasmodium falciparum reported during recent years across Cameroon

Gene	Drugs affected by gene mutations	Mutations detected in Cameroon	Sites reporting drug resistance	References
pfcrt	CQ, AQ, LM	K76T, M74I, N75E, K76 T, Q271K, I356K	Mutengene, Ebolowa, Yaoundé, Bertoua, Douala, Kyé-Ossi, Ngaoundéré, Garoua	[7, 17, 20, 147,148,149]
pfdhfr	SP	N511, C59R, S108N	Yaoundé, Mont-Cameroon, Ngaoundéré, Garoua	[17, 20, 147,148,149]
pfdhps	SP	K142N, I431V, S436A, A581G, A613S, K540E, A437G	Yaoundé, Mont-Cameroon, Mutengene, Garoua	[17, 20, 147, 149]
pfmdr-1	AQ, CQ, LM, MQ	N86Y, Y184F, D1246Y	Mutengene, Yaoundé, Garoua	[17, 20, 149]
pfkelch13	Artemisinine	K189T^a	Mont-Cameroon	[17]

^aThis mutation does not confer resistance to artemisinine
Abbreviations: pfdhfr, P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase; pfdhps, P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase; pfcrt, P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter; pfmdr-1, P. falciparum multidrug resistance transporter 1; CQ, chloroquine; AQ, amodiaquine; LM, lumefantrine; SP, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; MQ, mefloquine

ISSN: 1756-3305