Table 1 Diversity of microorganisms in bovine ticks collected from six districts of Pakistan
From: Bovine ticks harbour a diverse array of microorganisms in Pakistan
Microorganism | Punjab | Sindh | Percentage positive (n/N) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Okara | Jhelum | Bahawalpur | Layyah | Thatta | Sukkur | ||||||||
B (t = 42) | C (t = 40) | B (t = 18) | C (t = 6) | B (t = 19) | C (t = 44) | B (t = 1) | C (t = 25) | B (t = 11) | C (t = 3) | B (t = 12) | C (t = 13) | ||
Borrelia spp. | 3 | 3 | 2 | – | 1 | 4 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | 6.4 (15/234) |
Anaplasma marginale | 4 | 8 | – | 2 | 2 | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 7.7 (18/234) |
A. phagocytophilum | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 0.4 (1/234) |
A. ovis | – | – | – | – | 1 | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1.7 (4/234) |
A. centrale | – | 3 | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 2.6 (6/234) |
Ehrlichia spp. | 12 | 4 | 1 | – | 4 | 7 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 1 | – | 5 | 20 (47/234) |
Rickettsia massiliae | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | 1 | – | – | 1.7 (4/234) |
Rickettsia spp. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | 1 | 1 | – | 2.1 (5/234) |
Bartonella spp. | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.4 (1/234) |
Francisella-like | 39 | 39 | 14 | 5 | 19 | 40 | 1 | 23 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 13 | 91.5 (214/234) |
Coxiella-like | 2 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.3 (3/234) |
Babesia ovis | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 0.4 (1/234) |
Piroplasms | 10 | 20 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 21 | 1 | 5 | 1 | Â | 2 | 5 | 31.6 (74/234) |
Hepatozoon spp. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 0.4 (1/234) |
Total | 70 | 79 | 18 | 10 | 33 | 76 | 3 | 41 | 17 | 6 | 16 | 25 | Â |