Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in South American camelids in Switzerland and assessment of serological tests for diagnosis

Table 5 Fixed effects in generalized linear mixed models to determine potential risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii-seropositivity in Swiss South American camelids

Model (AIC, model fit)	Variable	Odds ratio (95% CI)	z-value	P-value
1 (155.9)	Intercept	1.090 (0.390–3.070)	0.170	0.864644
1 (155.9)	Age (months)	1.020 (1.010–1.040)	3.602	0.000316***
2 (153.4)	Intercept	0.607 (0.209–1.760)	− 0.919	0.358139
	Age	1.021 (1.009–1.030)	3.497	0.000471***
	Sex: male (ref.)
	Sex: female	2.924 (1.111–7.690)	2.174	0.029711*
3 (152.4)	Intercept	1.228 (0.460–3.278)	0.410	0.681820
	Age	1.024 (1.011–1.036)	3.707	0.000210***
	Cat, past 2 years (ref.)
	No cat, past 2 years	0.214 (0.055–0.828)	− 2.233	0.025530*
4 (149.3)	Intercept	0.692 (0.255–1.880)	− 0.722	0.470200
	Age	1.021 (1.009–1.033)	3.540	0.000400***
	Sex: male (ref.)
	Sex: female	2.941 (1.164–7.426)	2.282	0.022500*
	Cat, past 2 years (ref.)
	No cat, past 2 years	0.232 (0.066–0.809)	− 2.293	0.021900*

Notes: Data were analysed by bivariable generalized linear mixed modelling including “Age” (months) as effect modifier and “Farm” as random effects variable in modelling T. gondii-seropositivity. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to characterize the relative model quality
Abbreviation: ref., reference
*P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P < 0.001

ISSN: 1756-3305