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Table 2 Presence of clinical signs in relation with serological antibody detection of Leishmania infantum, Ehrlichia canis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma spp., and antigen-detection of Dirofilaria immitis

From: Serological evaluation of selected vector-borne pathogens in owned dogs from northern Spain based on a multicenter study using a commercial test

Clinical sign

No. of dogs

(N = 556)

L. infantum

(N = 50)

D. immitis

(N = 1)

E. canis

(N = 5)

Anaplasma spp.

(N = 7)

B. burgdorferi

(N = 4)

Any seropositive

(N = 63)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Total

328 (58.99)

41 (12.50)*

1 (0.30)

5 (1.52)

4 (1.22)

4 (1.22)

52 (15.85)*

Apathy

192 (34.53)

18 (9.38)

1 (0.52)

5 (2.60)*

3 (1.56)

1 (0.52)

25 (13.02)

Weakness

155 (27.88)

15 (9.68)

1 (0.65)

4 (2.58)*

1 (0.65)

1 (0.65)

21 (13.55)

Anorexia

117 (21.04)

12 (10.26)

1 (0.85)

5 (4.27)*

2 (1.71)

1 (0.85)

19 (16.24)*

Weight loss

98 (17.63)

12 (12.24)

0 (0)

3 (3.06)*

2 (2.04)

1 (1.02)

17 (17.35)*

Lethargy

97 (17.45)

8 (8.25)

0 (0)

2 (2.06)

1 (1.03)

1 (1.03)

11 (11.34)

Anemia

95 (17.09)

14 (14.74)*

0 (0)

3 (3.16)*

2 (2.11)

1 (1.05)

18 (18.95)*

Fever

90 (16.19)

3 (3.33)*

0 (0)

3 (3.33)*

1 (1.11)

0 (0)

6 (6.67)

Exercise intolerance

76 (13.67)

9 (11.84)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (1.32)

10 (13.16)

Dermatological signs

73 (13.13)

17 (23.29)*

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (1.37)

18 (24.66)*

Orthopedic signs

59 (10.61)

9 (15.25)

0 (0)

1 (1.69)

0 (0)

0 (0)

9 (15.25)

Lymphadenomegaly

52 (9.35)

19 (36.54)*

0 (0)

2 (3.85)

0 (0)

0 (0)

20 (38.46)*

Digestive signs

52 (9.35)

6 (11.54)

1 (1.92)

3 (5.77)*

0 (0)

0 (0)

8 (15.38)

Muscular atrophy

37 (6.65)

12 (32.43)*

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

12 (32.43)*

Hemorrhagic signs

33 (5.94)

5 (15.15)

0 (0)

1 (3.03)

1 (3.03)

0 (0)

7 (21.21)

Ocular signs

31 (5.58)

8 (25.81)*

0 (0)

1 (3.23)

1 (3.23)

0 (0)

8 (25.81)*

Renal disease

27 (4.86)

6 (22.22)*

0 (0)

1 (3.70)

0 (0)

0 (0)

6 (22.22)

Neurological signs

26 (4.68)

2 (7.69)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (7.69)

Splenomegaly

20 (3.60)

1 (5.00)

0 (0)

1 (5.00)

1 (5)

0 (0)

3 (15.00)

Cough

17 (3.06)

1 (5.88)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (5.88)

Tachycardia

17 (3.06)

1 (5.88)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (5.88)

0 (0)

2 (11.76)

Dyspnea/tachypnea

17 (3.06)

2 (14.29)

0 (0)

1 (5.88)

1 (5.88)

0 (0)

3 (21.43)

Hepatomegaly

10 (1.80)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (10.00)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (10.00)

Cranial vena cava syndrome

1 (0.18)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

  1. * P ≤ 0.05
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