Table 3 Contamination of vegetables and fruits with Cyclospora cayetanensis

Cameroon

Sediment smear, followed by light microscopy

Green cabbage

30

0

[66]

Red cabbage

30

0

Lettuce

30

10 (33.3)

Cucumber

30

0

Carrots

30

0

Green pepper

30

20 (66.7)

China

PCR

Lettuce

200

1

[36]

Coriander

152

0

Celery

70

0

Baby bok choy

59

0

Chinese cabbage

47

0

Leaf lettuce

44

1 (2.3)

Water spinach

28

0

Crown daisy

27

0

Fennel plant

26

0

Endive

25

0

Spinach

20

0

Schizonepeta

20

0

Cabbage

18

0

Leaf mustard

11

0

Chinese chive

132

0

Chive

128

0

Cucumber

41

0

Watermelon

15

0

Potato

3

0

Bean (kidney/French bean)

28

0

Green chili

5

0

Costa Rica

Zielh-Nielsen and Weber stain

Lettuce

50

2 (4.0)

[71]

Parsley

50

0

Cilantro

50

0

Strawberries

50

0

Blackberries

50

0

Egypt

Weber modified trichrome and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stains

Fresh fruit juices

14.5

[80]

Ethiopia

Modifed Zeihl-Neelsen stain

Fruits and vegetables

360

18 (5.0)

[19]

Ethiopia

Modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain

Fruits and vegetables

360

25 (6.9)

[32]

Ethiopia

Modified Zeihl-Neelsen stain

Tomato

100

4 (4.0)

[14]

Cabbage

96

0

Green pepper

66

2 (3.0)

Carrot

62

0

Salad

23

1 (4.5)

Ghana

Direct wet mount, trichrome modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain

Tiger nuts

40

9 (22.5)

[81]

Ghana

Ziehl-Neelsen stain

Cabbage

90

5 (5.6)

[12]

Green pepper

55

3 (5.5)

Carro

47

3 (6.4)

Onion

70

3 (4.3)

Tomato

31

3 (9.7)

Lettuce

102

3 (2.9)

Italy

qPCR

Vegetables

49

6 (12.2)

[48]

Italy

modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and PCR

Ready-to-eat packaged salad

648

8 (1.2)

[23]

Korea

Multiplex qPCR

Perilla leaves

72

0

[48]

Winter-grown cabbage

70

4 (5.7)

Chives

73

0

Sprouts

72

1 (1.4)

Blueberries

44

1 (2.3)

Cherry tomatoes

73

1 (1.4)

Peru

Direct microscopic observation, acid-fast staining, and immunofluorescent assay

Vegetables

1.8

[83]

Vietnam

Modified acid-fast smear by light and UV epifluorescence microscopy

Basil

96

10 (10.4)

[47]

Coriander sativum

80

3 (3.8)

Coriander

86

10 (11.6)

Lettuce

79

8 (10.1)

Vietnamese mint

61

6 (9.8)

Marjoram

26

2 (7.7)

Persicaria

68

7 (10.3)

Total

4628

180 (3.9)