Table 2 Composition of anomalies from the laboratory experiment and field collection
From: Strigea robusta causes polydactyly and severe forms of Rostand’s anomaly P in water frogs
Anomaly type | Control (0) | Light (16) | Intermediate (32) | Heavy (48) | Total for treatments 16, 32, 48 | Field sites (n = 384) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early | Late | Early | Late | Early | Late | Early | Late | |||
Anophthalmy | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.003 |
Mandibular hypoplasy | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.003 |
Non-developed operculum | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.10 | – | 0.03a | 0.008 |
Brachydactyly | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.005 | |
Stiff hindlimbs | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.003 |
Polydactyly on hindlimbs | – | – | 0.50 | 0.70 | – | 0.50 | – | 0.60 | 0.61a | 0.200 |
Severe cases of the anomaly P | – | – | 0.20 | – | 0.30 | – | 0.30 | – | 0.21a | 0.047 |
Normal tadpoles | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.20 | 0.30 | – | 0.20 | – | – | 0.18a | 0.745 |
Survival of tadpoles | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.30 | 0.70 | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.63 | – |