Variables | Snail-infested area (SIA) | Living snail density (LSD) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model A | Model B | Model C | Model D | Model A | Model B | Model C | Model D | |
Fixed effects | ||||||||
 Intercept, \( \gamma_{00} \) | 4.423 ± 0.405*** | 6.816 ± 0.693*** | 15.962 ± 13.016 | 13.428 ± 2.840*** | 0.288 ± 0.025*** | 0.647 ± 0.068*** | 0.913 ± 0.746 | 2.007 ± 0.260*** |
 TIME, \( \gamma_{10} \) |  | − 0.676 ± 0.100*** | − 0.591 ± 0.108*** | − 2.292 ± 0.424*** |  | − 0.105 ± 0.013*** | − 0.068 ± 0.013*** | − 0.403 ± 0.050*** |
 MOL (0/1), \( \beta_{1} \) |  |  | 3.811 ± 0.646*** | 3.142 ± 0.667*** |  |  | 0.691 ± 0.078*** | 0.542 ± 0.081*** |
 DFLP, \( \beta_{2} \) |  |  | − 0.027 ± 0.010** | − 0.020 ± 0.010* |  |  | − 0.001 ± 0.001 |  |
 PSCoV, \( \beta_{3} \) |  |  | 0.016 ± 0.003*** | 0.014 ± 0.003*** |  |  | 0.0004 ± 0.0002 |  |
 MPFD * 100,\( \beta_{4} \) |  |  | − 0.034 ± 0.051 |  |  |  | − 0.003 ± 0.003 |  |
 MPS, \( \beta_{5} \) |  |  | 0.034 ± 0.013* | 0.035 ± 0.013** |  |  | 0.0003 ± 0.0007 |  |
 MPAR * 0.001, \( \beta_{6} \) |  |  | − 0.012 ± 0.005* | − 0.012 ± 0.005* |  |  | 0.004 ± 0.001*** | 0.003 ± 0.001*** |
 AWMPFD * 100, \( \beta_{7} \) |  |  | − 0.080 ± 0.086 |  |  |  | − 0.002 ± 0.005 |  |
 NDVI, \( \beta_{8} \) |  |  | 4.882 ± 0.623*** | 4.863 ± 0.622*** |  |  | 0.306 ± 0.070*** | 0.291 ± 0.068*** |
 WI, \( \beta_{9} \) |  |  | − 0.020 ± 0.018 |  |  |  | − 0.002 ± 0.002 |  |
 MOL × TIME, \( \beta_{10} \) |  |  | − 0.285 ± 0.126* | − 0.175 ± 0.133 |  |  | − 0.113 ± 0.016*** | − 0.079 ± 0.016*** |
 SDYR (km, \( \gamma_{01} \) |  |  |  | − 0.272 ± 0.057*** |  |  |  | − 0.036 ± 0.005*** |
 SDYR × TIME, \( \gamma_{11} \) |  |  |  | 0.037 ± 0.009*** |  |  |  | 0.007 ± 0.001*** |
Random effects | ||||||||
 Level 1 (residual) | ||||||||
  Within village, \( \sigma_{\varepsilon }^{2} \) | 31.195 ± 0.910*** | 13.118 ± 0.420*** | 12.307 ± 0.396*** | 12.316 ± 0.395*** | 0.459 ± 0.013*** | 0.190 ± 0.006*** | 0.186 ± 0.006*** | 0.187 ± 0.006*** |
 Level 2 | ||||||||
  Initial status, \( \sigma_{0}^{2} \) | 67.561 ± 4.855*** | 198.160 ± 14.139*** | 178.850 ± 12.948*** | 170.480 ± 12.278*** | 0.214 ± 0.019*** | 1.836 ± 0.136*** | 1.475 ± 0.115*** | 1.338 ± 0.105*** |
  Rate of change, \( \sigma_{1}^{2} \) |  | 3.616 ± 0.287*** | 3.561 ± 0.285*** | 3.393 ± 0.271*** |  | 0.061 ± 0.005*** | 0.051 ± 0.004*** | 0.045 ± 0.004*** |
  Rate of change covariance, \( \sigma_{01}^{2} \) |  | − 25.677 ± 1.955*** | − 24.246 ± 1.869*** | − 23.075 ± 1.774*** |  | − 0.337 ± 0.025*** | − 0.275 ± 0.022*** | − 0.248 ± 0.020*** |
Fit statistics | ||||||||
 AIC | 18723.900 | 17058.800 | 16893.800 | 16873.800 | 6455.000 | 4486.600 | 4428.600 | 4343.900 |
 BIC | 18732.100 | 17075.100 | 16910.200 | 16890.200 | 6463.200 | 4503.000 | 4445.000 | 4360.300 |