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Table 1 Key to sand fly species in Sri Lanka based on female morphology

From: Morphological identification keys for adults of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Sri Lanka

Wings broader, asymmetrical along the length (Fig. 1f). Cibarium unarmed or with scattered spicules without a pigment patch (Fig. 1d)

Genus Phlebotomus Loew, 1845

Wings narrow, lanceolate, symmetrical along the length (Fig. 1e). Cibarium with one or more rows of teeth, pigment patch usually present (Fig. 1c)

Genus Sergentomyia (Franca & Parrot, 1920)

Genus Phlebotomus

1a

Head of spermatheca with a distinct neck; spermatheca spindle-shaped (Fig. 2a)

P. (Anaphlebotomus) stantoni (Newstead, 1914)

1b

Head of spermatheca without a distinct neck (Figs. 2b, 4a); spermatheca not spindle shaped

2a

2a

Spermatheca with 7–8 segments; apical segment not enlarged (Fig. 4a)

P. (Phlebotomus) salehi Mesghali, 1965

2b

Spermatheca with 15–17 segments; apical segment enlarged (Fig. 2b)

3a

3a

Thorax dorsum brown, sides dark

P. (Euphlebotomus) marginatus Annandale, 1910

3b

Thorax dorsum black, sides pale

4a

[P. (Euphlebotomus) argentipes Annandale & Brunetti, in Annandale 1908 (sensu lato)]

4a

Wing overlap (R1 overlap with R2/ complete length of R2) < 0.2; wing index (R2/R2+3) < 0.2; ascoid:antennal flagellomere ratio > 0.5

P. (Euphlebotomus) glaucus Mitra & Roy, 1953

4b

Wing overlap ≥ 0.2; wing index > 0.2; ascoid:antennal flagellomere ratio < 0.5

5a

5a

Wing overlap = 0.2; wing index = 2.0; ascoid:antennal flagellomere ratio > 0.4

P. (Euphlebotomus) argentipes Annandale & Brunetti, 1908 (sensu stricto)

5b

Wing overlap > 0.2; wing index < 2.0; ascoid:antennal flagellomere ratio < 0.4

P. (Euphlebotomus) annandalei Sinton, 1923

Genus Sergentomyia

1a

Spermatheca with capsule (Fig. 4b, c), not tubular

2a

1b

Spermatheca without capsule, tubular (Fig. 4d)

10a

2a

Capsule of spermatheca with numerous spicules or striations (Fig. 4b, c)

3a

[subgenus Grassomyia]

2b

Capsule of spermatheca smooth

4a

[subgenus Parrotomyia]

3a

Tip of spermatheca with minute projections (Fig. 4b)

S. (Grassomyia) indica (Theodor, 1931)

3b

Tip of spermatheca with small projections (Fig. 4c)

S. (Grassomyia) dreyfussi Parrot, 1933

4a

Pharynx with distinct pointed teeth (Fig. 3a)

5a

4b

Pharynx with fine spicules or none (Fig. 5a)

7a

5a

Cibarium with a deep notch in hind end of ventral plate (Fig. 3b)

S. (Parrotomyia) babu insularis (Theodor, 1938)

5b

Cibarium without a notch in hind end of ventral plate (Fig. 5b)

6a

6a

Pharynx broad with numerous finely pointed teeth; cibarium with 40–70 teeth; tip of pigment patch bifid, ragged or fernestrated (Fig. 5b)

S. (Parrotomyia) barraudi (Sinton, 1929)

6b

Without this combination

S. (Parrotomyia) rudnicki Lewis, 1978

7a

Cibarium with a deep notch (Fig. 5c)

S. (Parrotomyia) baghdadis (Adler & Theodor, 1929)

7b

Cibarium without a deep notch

8a

8a

Pharynx with well-defined scales (Fig. 5d)

S. (Parrotomyia) grekovi (Khodukin, 1929)

8b

Pharynx without scales

9a

9a

Cibarium with pigment patch and 17 hind teeth; pharynx with long teeth (Fig. 5e)

S. (Parrotomyia) modii (Lewis, 1978)

9b

Cibarial pigment patch is small or absent (Fig. 5f); pharynx with spiculate ridges

S. (Parrotomyia) bailyi (Sinton, 1931)

10a

Spermatheca smooth (Fig. 4e)

11a

[subgenus Sergentomyia]

10b

Spermatheca with striations (Fig. 4d)

13a

[subgenus Neophlebotomus]

11a

Pharynx broad at posterior end with a deep constriction at base (Fig. 5g)

S. (Sergentomyia) punjabensis (Sinton, 1927)

11b

Pharynx barrel-shaped at posterior end and lacking a deep constriction at the base (Fig. 5h, i)

12a

12a

Posterior margin of pharyngeal armature convex (Fig. 5h)

S. (Sergentomyia) dentata (Sinton, 1933)

12b

Posterior margin of pharyngeal armature straight (Fig. 5i)

S. (Sergentomyia) pondicherriensis Srinivasan & Jambulingam, 2010

13a

Cibarium with about 8 rows of fore teeth (Fig. 3c); labrum 0.13–0.15 times the length of wing

S. (Neophlebotomus) arboris (Sinton, 1931)

13b

Cibarium with one or more rows of teeth; labrum > 0.11 times the length of wing

14a

14a

Cibarium without row of teeth; labrum 0.11 times the length of wing

S. (Neophlebotomus) jamesi Lewis, 1978

14b

Cibarium with 3 rows of fore teeth (Fig. 3d)

15a

15a

Labrum 0.18–0.20 times length of wing; R2/R2+3 < 2.06

S. (Neophlebotomus) malayae (Lewis, 1957)

 

Labrum 0.13–0.15 times length of wing; R2/R2+3 > 2.06

S. (Neophlebotomus) zeylanica (Annandale, 1910)