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Fig. 4 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 4

From: Bacillus sphaericus exposure reduced vector competence of Anopheles dirus to Plasmodium yoelii by upregulating the Imd signaling pathway

Fig. 4

Elicitation of Imd pathway components expression with Bs treatment. Gene expression analysis of PGRP-LC (a), PGRP-S1 (b), Rel2 (c) and Caspar (d) of control and Bs-treated mosquitoes at L4, Pu, 0 hpi, 24 hpi, 48 hpi and 72 hpi. The statistical significance of fold change values was determined via a t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ns, non-significant

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