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Fig. 3 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 3

From: Single oral fixed-dose praziquantel-miltefosine nanocombination for effective control of experimental schistosomiasis mansoni

Fig. 3

Scanning electron micrographs of S. mansoni male worms recovered from the hepatic and mesenteric veins of infected non-treated mice (a–e) and infected mice treated with the higher PZQ-MFS nanocombination dose (PZQ 250 mg-MFS 20 mg/kg, subgroup Iab) (f–l). a Normal male worm in copula with female (×80). b Normal oral and ventral suckers (×250) with apically directed spines (×7000) (c). d Normal dorsolateral tegument surface of the mid body showing crablike uniformly distributed tubercles with sharp visible intact spines and sensory papillae (×1500). e Normal tegumental ridges between the tubercles (×4000). Adult males recovered from S. mansoni-infected mice treated with the higher fixed-dose nanocombination (subgroup Iab) (f–l). f Deformed whole body (×80). g Deformed oral and ventral suckers (×250). h Blunt, short and loose spines (×7000). i Extensive dorsal tegumental damage in the form of peeling of tubercles, spine disfigurement, vesicle formation and exposure of subtegumental tissue (×1500). j Higher magnification of tegumental changes (×4000). k, l LNCs deposited on the damaged subtegumental tissue and the loose disfigured spines (×30000). Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; OS, oral sucker; VS, ventral sucker; S, spine; T, tubercle; SP, sensory papillae; R, ridge; ST, subtegumental tissue; P, peeling of the tubercles

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