Fig. 9

Cytotoxic activity against NBL at the small intestine during early T. spiralis infection. Cytotoxic effects of lamina propria cell suspension to NBL suspensions in the presence of reference cytotoxic serum (RCS) or non-infected rat sera (NIRS) were determined by ADCC assays in five independent experiments performed in duplicate (n = 5/dpi and 5 control rats). Results are expressed as mean of NBL mortality percentages ± SD. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (nlme and multcomp packages, respectively; α = 0.05). Asterisks (*) represent significant differences between infected and control animals: *P < 0.0001. Numerals (#) above bars indicate significant differences between days: ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01