|
Variable
|
Category
|
Positive/examined
|
%
|
Wald’s Chi-square
|
β ± SE
|
OR
|
95% CI
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Origin
|
Central Italy
|
56/365
|
15.3
|
1.335
|
0.265 ± 0.2296
|
1.304
|
0.831–2.045
|
0.248
|
|
Northern Italy
|
36/295
|
12.2
| |
0
|
1
| | |
|
Altitude (m.a.s.l.)
| | | |
63.532
| | | |
0.025
|
|
< 200
|
18/147
|
12.2
| |
0.531 ± 0.4021
|
1.7
|
0.773–3.738
|
0.187
|
|
200–500
|
31/172
|
18.0
| |
0.985 ± 0.3711
|
2.678
|
1.294–5.543
|
0.008
|
|
> 500
|
11/145
|
7.6
| |
0
|
1
| | |
|
Age
|
Continuous
| |
5.243
|
0.040 ± 0.0175
|
1.041
|
1.006–1.077
|
0.022
|
|
Sex
|
Female
|
32/287
|
11.1
|
3.280
|
− 0.426 ± 0.2353
|
0.653
|
0.412–1.036
|
0.070
|
|
Male
|
59/366
|
16.1
| |
0
|
1
| | |
|
Reproductive status (only males)
|
Geldings
|
46/245
|
18.8
|
3.770
|
0.653 ± 0.3361
|
1.920
|
0.994–3.711
|
0.052
|
|
Stallions
|
13/121
|
10.7
| |
0
|
1
| | |
|
Breed morphotype
| | | |
60.020
| | | |
0.003
|
|
Mesomorphic
|
17/140
|
12.1
| |
0.691 ± 0.4310
|
1.996
|
0.858–4.646
|
0.109
|
|
Meso-dolichomorphic
|
44/229
|
19.2
| |
1.234 ± 0.3833
|
3.435
|
1.621–7.282
|
0.001
|
|
Meso-brachymorphic
|
0/6
|
0.0
| |
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
Dolichomorphic
|
9/139
|
6.5
| |
0
|
1
| | |
|
Horse vs ponies
|
Horses
|
74
|
12.4
|
8.175
|
0
|
1
| | |
|
Ponies
|
9
|
32.1
| |
1.210 ± 4.233
|
3.354
|
1.463–7.689
|
0.004
|
- Abbreviations: m.a.s.l., meters above sea level; β ± SE, coefficient ± standard error; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
