Fig. 4

Example of genomic mutations identified in the drug-resistant clinical isolate of Leishmania donovani. a An insertion mutation of adenine in 5’ untranslated region (UTR) and a base alteration (from adenine to cytosine) in protein-coding region are identified in the DBPK_101060 (HCZ) isolate of L. donovani, compared with reference BPK282A1 strain. These mutations are inferred to link to changes in messenger RNA transcription, protein expression and molecular functions. b A site mutation (from cytosine to thymine) is detected in a transfer RNA (tRNA) coding region, which might change the secondary structure of this non-coding RNA