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Table 6 Comparison of efficacy in terms of Cure Rates (CRs) and Odds Ratio (OR) for being cured between treatment arms (albendazole vs ivermectin-albendazole), by diagnostic approach (Kato-Katz on samples of day 1 and 2 vs qPCR on first day sample only and qPCR on samples of day 1 and 2)

From: Performance of the Kato-Katz method and real time polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the framework of a randomised controlled trial: treatment efficacy and day-to-day variation

 

Kato-Katz

qPCR

1st Follow-up sample

qPCR

1st and 2nd Follow-up samples

 

ALB

IVM-ALB

P-valuea

ALB

IVM-ALB

P-valuea

ALB

IVM-ALB

P-valuea

T. trichiura

 No. cured/No. positive BL

10/160

75/160

 

8/150

55/151

 

8/150

35/151

 

 Cure rates, % (95% CI)

6.3 (3.0–11.2)

46.8 (39.7–55.9)

 

13.3 (8.3–19.8)

36.4 (28.8–44.6)

 

5.3 (2.3–10.2)

23.2 (16.7–30.7)

 

 ORcure (95% CI)

1

13.7 (6.7–28.0)

< 0.001

1

3.7 (2.1–6.6)

< 0.001

1

5.4 (2.4–12.0)

< 0.001

A. lumbricoides

 No. cured/No. positive BL

38/40

47/47

 

64/71

66/77

 

55/71

58/77

 

 Cure rates, % (95% CI)

95 (83.1–99.4)

100 (92.5–100)

 

90.1 (80.7–95.9)

85.7 (75.9–92.6)

 

77.5 (66.0–86.5)

75.3 (64.2–84.4)

 

 ORcure (95% CI)

1

NA (0.62, –>)

0.21

1

0.6 (0.2–1.8)

0.41

1

0.6 (0.2–1.3)

0.76

Hookworm

 No. cured/No. positive BL

22/30

18/23

 

32/42

30/42

 

28/42

22/42

 

 Cure rates, % (95% CI)

73.3 (54.1–87.7)

78.3 (56.3–92.5)

 

76.2 (60.5–87.9)

71.4 (55.4–84.3)

 

66.7 (50.5–80.4)

52.4 (36.4–68.0)

 

 ORcure (95% CI)

1

1.3 (0.4–4.7)

0.68

1

0.8 (0.3–2.0)

0.62

1

0.9 (0.4–1.9)

0.184

  1. aP-values of the odds ratio (OR) for being cured between albendazole monotherapy (ALB) and ivermectin-albendazole (IVM-ALB) derived from logistic regression models
  2. Note: CRs in bold highlight significant differences (P < 0.05) between CRs assessed by Kato-Katz and two qPCR samples in the respective treatment arm (i.e. ALB or IVM-ALB)
  3. Abbreviations: BL, baseline; NA, not applicable; T. trichiura, Trichuris trichiura; A. lumbricoides, Ascaris lumbricoides