Table 4 Summary of the intervention effects (IRR (95% CIs)) on Culicidae and Culicoides at the household level and at the three trap positions (house, dog and chicken) compared to control (placebo)

Culicidae

Arm

PI

0.54 (0.30–0.97)*

0.39 (0.20–0.74)*

0.88 (0.42–1.85)

0.52 (0.25–1.07)^¥

DC

0.94 (0.55–1.59)

1.19 (0.60–2.33)

0.81 (0.43–1.5)

0.86 (0.42–1.79)

Round

15

0.67 (0.38–1.15)

0.74 (0.37–1.49)

0.39 (0.2–0.78)*

0.74 (0.35–1.56)

16

2.67 (1.4–5.09)*

2.47 (1.05–5.78)*

1.21 (0.54–2.69)

4.88 (2.2–10.84)***

17

2.22 (0.91–5.41)^¥

2.38 (0.85–6.64)¥

1.10 (0.51–2.41)

3.68 (1.24–10.93)*

Host

H

1.0 (0.90–1.12)

0.96 (0.84–1.11)

1.02 (0.93–1.12)

1.03 (0.92–1.16)

D

0.98 (0.89–1.08)

1.05 (0.93–1.2)

0.94 (0.85–1.04)

0.98 (0.86–1.11)

C

1.01 (1–1.02)^¥

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

Culicoides

Arm

PI

0.47 (0.26–0.85)*

0.54 (0.2–1.47)

0.64 (0.33–1.24)

0.48 (0.27–0.84)*

DC

0.74 (0.40–1.37)

0.94 (0.27–3.32)

1.29 (0.72–2.3)

0.78 (0.43–1.4)

Round

15

3.15 (1.8–5.51)***

2.04 (0.49–8.59)

3.40 (1.72–6.75)***

3.48 (1.48–8.19)*

16

31.6 (19.4–51.6)***

4.16 (1.02–17.02)*

42.37 (21.56–83.23)***

37.8 (20.2–70.4)***

17

13.32 (6.9–25.3)***

1.59 (0.38–6.64)

20.18 (9.06–44.92)***

15.6 (7.39–32.9)***

Host

H

0.95 (0.86–1.05)

0.88 (0.78–0.98)*

1.02 (0.94–1.1)

0.94 (0.83–1.06)

D

1.13 (1.03–1.25)*

0.97 (0.83–1.13)

1.07 (0.97–1.18)

1.16 (1.04–1.29)*

C

1.01 (1.0–1.02)*

1.01 (1.0–1.02)*

1.01 (1.0–1.03)^¥

1.01 (1.0–1.02)*