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Fig. 3. | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 3.

From: Molecular identification of native Wolbachia pipientis in Anopheles minimus in a low-malaria transmission area of Umphang Valley along the Thailand-Myanmar border

Fig. 3.

Correlation of Wolbachia and Plasmodium infection in An. minimus. Levels of Wolbachia 16S rRNA and Plasmodium 18S rRNA were examined using quantitative PCR. DNA levels in individual samples were normalized with that of An. minimus ITS2A. Levels of each DNA were relative to a reference sample, which was set as 1. a Relative levels of Wolbachia (X axis) and Plasmodium (Y axis) in the individual samples of An. minimus pool numbers 21 and 32 were plotted. Five DNA samples were detectable for Wolbachia 16S rRNA (orange dots), while the others were undetectable (blue dots). b Heatmap compares relative levels of Wolbachia 16S rRNA and Plasmodium 18S rRNA in all 21 An. minimus samples. High to low DNA levels were displayed as red to green, respectively. Numbers are relative levels calculated using the 2−∆∆CT method. W: Wolbachia 16S rRNA-coding region; P: plasmodium 18S rRNA-coding region. c Level and prevalence of Plasmodium in the An. minimus DNA samples with and without Wolbachia (blue and orange dots, respectively)

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