Fig. 4

Least-cost evolutionary reconstruction between mosquito (black) and Wolbachia (blue) phylogenies achieved using Jane 4.0. In total, one co-speciation event (open circle), three counts of duplication (grey dot), seven counts of duplication with host shift (black dot with an arrow pointing outwards), 29 losses (dotted line), and six counts of failure to diverge (squiggly line) were mapped out. Red arrows indicate periods where multiple host shifts occurred in succession