Table 3 Risk factors for Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Triatoma infestans collected in domiciles and high-risk peridomestic ecotopes, Avia Terai, Chaco
Predictor | Univariate analyses | Firth-penalized multiple logistic regression (n = 408) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio | 95% CI | P | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P | |
Environment | ||||||
Urban | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – |
Peri-urban | 20.81 | 2.67–2681.96 | < 0.01* | 16.60 | 2.07–2150.73 | < 0.01* |
Rural | 16.10 | 2.17–2055.80 | < 0.01* | 13.23 | 1.73–1699.53 | < 0.01* |
Stage | ||||||
Third-fourth nymph | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – |
Fifth-instar nymph | 0.67 | 0.26–1.65 | 0.38 | 0.63 | 0.24–1.65 | 0.35 |
Male | 0.64 | 0.23–1.65 | 0.36 | 0.64 | 0.22–1.79 | 0.40 |
Female | 0.45 | 0.15–1.26 | 0.13 | 0.39 | 0.12–1.12 | 0.08 |
Blood meal on | ||||||
Dog | 1.85 | 0.77–4.10 | 0.16 | 2.80 | 1.03–7.31 | 0.04* |
Cat | 3.89 | 1.49–9.29 | < 0.01* | 4.02 | 1.46–10.39 | < 0.01* |
Human | 2.69 | 1.29–5.54 | < 0.01* | 3.15 | 1.27–8.17 | 0.01* |
Chicken | 0.64 | 0.28–1.35 | 0.25 | 1.13 | 0.43–2.88 | 0.80 |
Site bug abundance (triatomines captured per one-person h) | ||||||
≤ 8 | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | – |
9–20 | 1.34 | 0.44–4.71 | 0.62 | – | – | – |
21–52 | 0.83 | 0.27–2.99 | 0.77 | – | – | – |
> 52 | 0.49 | 0.15–1.76 | 0.25 | – | – | – |
Number of dogs and cats per housea | ||||||
≤ 3 | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | – |
4–5 | 0.76 | 0.13–3.50 | 0.73 | – | – | – |
6–8 | 2.21 | 0.71–7.86 | 0.17 | – | – | – |
> 8 | 9.49 | 3.49–31.66 | < 0.01* | – | – | – |
Number of human residents per houseb | ||||||
≤ 2 | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | – |
3 | 0.57 | 0.14–1.71 | 0.34 | – | – | – |
4–7 | 0.17 | 0.03–0.55 | < 0.01* | – | – | – |
> 7 | 0.60 | 0.23–1.44 | 0.26 | – | – | – |