Visceral leishmaniasis outbreaks in Bihar: community-level investigations in the context of elimination of kala-azar as a public health problem

Table 4 Multivariable log-binomial regression model of risk factors associated with visceral leishmaniasis

Characteristic	Adjusted relative risk	95% confidence interval	P
Male sex	1.41	1.13, 1.77	0.003
Age group
< 10	Referent
10–19	1.84	1.27, 2.66	0.002
20–49	1.38	0.99, 1.92	0.06
≥ 50	1.94	1.30, 2.90	0.001
Lives in predominantly SC/ST tola^a	7.29	5.03, 10.57	< 0.0001
Ever sleeps outside	1.54	1.12, 2.11	0.008
Sleeps on ground	1.61	1.14, 2.28	0.007
Open defecation	2.06	1.29, 3.30	0.003
Migrates to work in brick kiln	1.71	1.19, 2.46	0.004

The analysis dataset included 272 participants with and 20,357 participants without the disease. Model constructed using a stepwise selection procedure with significance level of 0.05, using generalized estimating equations to account for intra-household correlation
^aSC/ST, Scheduled caste/scheduled tribe; tola classification presented in detail in Additional file 2: Table S1

ISSN: 1756-3305