Ticks and associated pathogens in camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia

Parasites & Vectors

Table 1 Primers and target genes of pathogens investigated

Pathogens	Primers (5′-3′)	Target gene	Product size (bp)	Cycling conditions	Reference
Babesia spp./Theileria spp.	RLBF: GAGGTAGTGACAAGAAATAACAATA	18S rRNA	460	95 °C—600 s, 95 °C—30 s, 52 °C—30 s (× 40), 72 °C—60 s, 72 °C—420 s	[35]
Babesia spp./Theileria spp.	RLBR: TCTTCGATCCCCTAACTTTC	18S rRNA	460		[35]
Babesia spp.	PiroA: AATACCCAATCCTGACACAGGG	18S rRNA	410	95 °C—600 s, 95 °C—30 s, 62 °C—30 s (× 35), 72 °C—30 s, 72 °C—420 s	[36]
Babesia spp.	PiroB: TTAAATACGAATGCCCCCAAC	18S rRNA	410		[36]
Hepatozoon canis	HepF: ATACATGAGCAAAATCTCAAC	18S rRNA	625	95 °C—600 s, 95 °C—30 s, 60 °C—30 s (× 35), 72 °C—60 s, 72 °C—300 s	[37]
Hepatozoon canis	HepR: CTTATTATTCCATGCTGCAG	18S rRNA	625		[37]
Ehrlichia spp./ Anaplasma spp.	EHR16SD: GGTACCYACAGAAGAAGTCC	16S rRNA	345	95 °C—120 s, 94 °C—60 s, 54 °C—30 s (× 40), 72 °C—30 s, 72 °C—300 s	[38]
Ehrlichia spp./ Anaplasma spp.	EHR16SR: TAGCACTCATCGTTTACAGC	16S rRNA	345		[38]

ISSN: 1756-3305