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Table 3 Pooled prevalence of Cystoisospora suis in pigs in China

From: Prevalence of coccidia in domestic pigs in China between 1980 and 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Variables

Number of studies

Number of pigs tested

Number of pgs positive for C. suis

Percentage pigs positive for C. suis (95% CI)

Heterogeneity

Univariate meta-regression

Joint analysis

χ2

P value

I2 (%)

P value

Coefficient (95% CI)

Adjusted R2

Regiona

0.013

− 1.542 (− 2.757 to − 0.327)

56.16%

 North China

1

230

91

39.6% (33.7–46.4)

0.00

 

 Northwest China

3

1636

69

4.7% (3.3–6.7)

3.21

< 0.01

37.7%

 

 East China

6

3953

362

10.2% (5.6–18.6)

136.20

0.00

96.3%

 

 Central China

5

6741

527

7.3% (5.2–10.4)

62.66

< 0.01

93.6%

 

 South China

4

2510

358

8.3% (2.9–23.9)

80.55

< 0.01

96.3%

 

 Southwest China

6

4621

344

10.3% (5.7–18.6)

150.67

0.00

96.7%

 

Detection methods

0.026

0.631 (0.076–1.187)

22.22%

 Centrifugal flotation method

4

1701

110

9.4% (3.8–23.3)

69.28

 

95.7%

   

 Flotation method (NaCl)

11

8020

651

7.1% (4.6–11.1)

259.96

0.00

96.2%

   

 Flotation method (NaCl, Suc)

7

6665

860

13.9% (8.8–22.2)

324.16

 

98.1%

   

 Flotation method (Suc)

1

50

28

56% (43.8–71.6)

0.00

   

 Others

2

2673

278

11.2% (8.3–15.0)

5.25

0.00

81.0%

   

Sampling years

0.003

0.842 (0.291–1.394)

54.24%

 2000 or earlier

8

2179

117

5.5% (3.7–8.3)

29.70

< 0.01

76.4%

 

 2001 to 2011

10

11303

1107

12.1% (8.1–18.0)

441.98

< 0.01

98.0%

 

 2012 or later

5

5363

659

14.4% (8.6–24.3)

204.10

0

98.0%

   

Pig ages

0.001

− 0.975 (− 1.418 to − 0.532)

51.36%

 Suckling piglets

14

7072

1006

14.9% (10.9–20.4)

586.99

< 0.01

96.6%

   

 Weaning pigs

9

3286

202

5.5% (3.5–8.7)

73.97

< 0.01

89.2%

   

 Growing pigs

6

2441

133

5.8% (3.7–9.0)

33.34

< 0.01

82.0%

   

 Finishing pigs

2

528

32

6.3% (4.1–9.6)

2.72

< 0.01

26.4%

   

 Feeding model

0.081

0.722 (0.021–1.533)

34.43%

 Extensive

4

3202

223

5.1% (3.0–8.5)

15.35

< 0.01

80.5%

 

 Intensive

14

10991

1145

10.0% (6.9–14.6)

562.01

< 0.01

97.7%

 

Total

26

20470

1834

9.1% (6.9–11.9)

885.02

0.000

97.2%

   
  1. aNorthern China: Hebei; Northwestern China: Shaanxi. Northeastern China: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning. Eastern China: Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Zhejiang. Central China: Henan, Hubei. Southern China: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan. Southwestern China: Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan