Fig. 3
From: Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence-associated genes when infecting a human host
a Heat map visualisation of differences in gene expression between putative virulence-associated genes in A. lumbricoides from infected adults relative to A. lumbricoides from infected children. Coloured scales in the heat map represent log2 fold change values, with blue representing downregulated genes and yellow representing upregulated genes. Child rep1, child rep2, child rep3 represent individual A. lumbricoides from infected children; adult rep1, adult rep2, adult rep3 represent A. lumbricoides from infected adults. b Relative expression of putative virulence-associated genes in A. lumbricoides from infected adults relative to A. lumbricoides from infected children. A normalised ratio (Y-axis) representing the 2−ΔΔCq (= 2−ΔΔCq) value of > 1 indicates upregulation, whereas a ratio of less than − 1 indicates downregulation. Asterisk indicates a significant difference at P < 0.05. The number above the respective bar represents the fold-change for each gene. Note: 2−ΔΔCq represents the difference in ΔCq values between the adult- and children-derived worm samples normalised to reference housekeeping genes