Table 2 Prevalence and associated risk factors for anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies (IgG) in bovines (n = 553)
Characteristics | ELISA | OR | 95% CI | P value | Overall P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Negative, n (%) | Positive, n (%) | |||||
Size of property | 0.167 | |||||
Small | 122 (35.9) | 60 (28.2) | Reference | |||
Medium | 84 (24.7) | 76 (35.7) | 1.84 | 1.19–2.85 | 0.00642 | |
Large | 134 (39.4) | 77 (36.2) | 1.17 | 0.77–1.78 | 0.467 | |
Cattle type | 0.00723 | |||||
Beef | 49 (14.4) | 14 (6.57) | Reference | |||
Dairy | 291 (85.6) | 199 (93.43) | 2.37 | 0.15–2.02 | 0.00398 | |
Distance between farmhouse and urban area | 0.00106 | |||||
≤ 5 km | 46 (13.5) | 53 (24.9) | Reference | |||
> 5 km | 294 (86.5) | 160 (75.1) | 0.47 | 0.30–0.73 | 0.000863 | |
Cattle raising system | 0.00027 | |||||
Extensive | 18 (5.29) | 26 (12.2) | Reference | |||
Semi-extensive | 272 (80.0) | 174 (81.7) | 0.44 | 0.23–0.83 | 0.0114 | |
Feedlot | 50 (14.7) | 13 (6.1) | 0.18 | 0.08–0.43 | 0.0000619 | |
Dogs on farm | 0.000732 | |||||
No | 55 (16.2) | 13 (6.1) | Reference | |||
Yes | 285 (83.8) | 200 (93.9) | 2.94 | 1.61–5.77 | 0.000296 | |
Cats on farm | 0.000626 | |||||
No | 141 (41.5) | 57 (26.8) | Reference | |||
Yes | 199 (58.5) | 156 (73.2) | 1.93 | 1.34–2.82 | 0.000417 | |
Dogs and cats on farm | 0.000000424 | |||||
No | 166 (48.8) | 57 (26.8) | Reference | |||
Yes | 174 (51.2) | 156 73.2) | 2.60 | 1.80–3.79 | 0.000000210 | |