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Table 4 Interactions among existences of Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and Histomonas meleagridis in chickens of three different genetic lines (n = 139)

From: Excretion of Histomonas meleagridis following experimental co-infection of distinct chicken lines with Heterakis gallinarum and Ascaridia galli

Factors

Level

Dependent binary variable

A. galli (%)

H. gallinarum (%)

H. meleagridis (%)

(−)

(+)

Ψ

(−)

(+)

Ψ

(−)

(+)

Ψ

Host-line

LD

2.1

97.9

7.31

21.3

78.7

2.90

23.4

76.6

2.69

LB

10.9

89.1

1.49

32.6

67.4

1.77

23.9

76.1

2.37

R

17.4

82.6

1.00

43.5

56.5

1.00

39.1

60.9

1.00

P-value

0.196

0.102

  

0.083

A. galli

Absent

6.5

3.6

1.00

2.9

7.2

1.00

Present

25.9

64.0

3.71

25.9

64.0

1.12

P-value

 

0.038

0.865

H. gallinarum

Absent

6.5

25.9

1.00

5.8

26.6

1.00

Present

3.6

64.0

3.77

23.0

44.6

0.33

P-value

  

0.037

  

0.024

H. meleagridis

Absent

2.9

25.9

1.00

5.8

23.0

1.00

Present

7.2

64.0

1.19

26.6

44.6

0.34

P-value

0.804

0.024

  1. Presented figures are the frequency (%) of chickens without (−) or with (+) a particular parasite in the absence or presence of two other parasites in the same host with respective odds ratios (Ψ). For host lines, the odds ratios assess the probability for Lohmann Dual (LD) or Lohmann Brown (LB) birds to harbor a particular parasite as compared to Ross 308 (R), which is fixed as the reference host line (Ψ = 1.00). For the parasites, the odds ratios assess the probability of the presence of a parasite in the presence of another parasite, i.e. probability of their co-existence in the same host
  2. P values are in italic