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Table 5 Proportion of farmers using pesticides and the duration since the first use of pesticides in agriculture (crops) and livestock (veterinary) in the irrigated and non-irrigated areas

From: Insecticide resistance status of Anopheles arabiensis in irrigated and non-irrigated areas in western Kenya

Site/class

n

< 12 months

13–36 months

37–60 months

61–120 months

> 120 months

Don’t know

Irrigated

98

      

 Pyrethroids

46

2.2 (0–4.4)

15.2 (9.9–20.5)

4.3 (1.3–7.3)

26.1 (19.6–32.6)

45.7 (38.4–53)

6.5 (2.9–10.1)

 Organophosphates

5

–

60 (38.1–81.9)

–

20 (2.1–37.9)

20 (2.1–37.9)

–

 Carbamates

2

–

–

–

–

100 (100)

–

Non-irrigated

102

      

 Pyrethroids

24

12.5 (5.7–19.3)

8.3 (2.7–13.9)

4.2 (0.1–8.3)

16.7 (9.1–24.3)

45.8 (35.6–56)

12.5 (5.7–19.3)

 Organophosphates

 

–

50 (14.6–85.4)

–

–

50 (14.6–85.4)

–