Risk factors associated with tick infestations on equids in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, with notes on Rickettsia massiliae detection

Table 1 List of primers used for the amplification of target genes of ticks and Rickettsia spp.

Organism/gene	Primer	Primers sequences (5′–3′)	Product size (bp)	References
Tick 16S rRNA	16S + 1	CCGGTCTGAACTCAGATCAAGT	460	[22]
Tick 16S rRNA	16S − 1	GCTCAATGATTTTTTAAATTGCTG	460	[22]
Rickettsia spp./gltA	CS-5^a	GAGAGAAAATTATATCCAAATGTTGAT	147	[2]
Rickettsia spp./gltA	CS-6^a	AGGGTCTTCGTGCATTTCTT	147	[2]
Rickettsia spp./gltA	CS-78	GCAAGTATCGGTGAGGATGTAAT	401	[2]
Rickettsia spp./gltA	CS-323	GCTTCCTAAAATTCAATAAATCAGGAT	401	[2]
Rickettsia spp./ompA	Rr190.70	ATGGCGAATATTTCTCCAAAA	532	[24]
Rickettsia spp./ompA	Rr190.701	GTTCCGTTAATGGCAGCATCT	532	[24]

gltA Rickettsial citrate synthase-encoding gene, ompA rickettsial outer membrane protein A
^aThese primers were used in a real-time PCR assay with the following internal probe: 5′ 6-FAM CAT TGT GCC ATC CAG CCT ACG GT- BHQ-1 3′

ISSN: 1756-3305