Fig. 3

MtnB is required for female larval survival in multiple species of mosquitoes. Larval consumption of yeast interfering larvicides corresponding to the A. albopictus (a), A. gambiae (b), and C. quinquefasciatus (c) MtnB genes induce significant female-specific mortality in each species (***P < 0.001, chi-squared test), but have no impact on male survival (a–c, P > 0.05, chi-squared test). Controls in a–c were larvae fed with yeast expressing an interfering RNA with no known target in mosquitoes, which had no significant impact on female or male survival in any of the three mosquitoes species (a–c, P > 0.05, chi-squared test). Data, which were compiled from nine (a and c) or six (b) replicate container trials per treatment (with each container bearing 20 larvae), represent mean survival through adulthood, with error bars corresponding to SEM