Wild ungulate species differ in their contribution to the transmission of Ixodes ricinus-borne pathogens

Parasites & Vectors

Table 3 Infection prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in the five studied ungulate species

Ungulate species	Anaplasma phagocytophilum		Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.)		Borrelia miyamotoi		Babesia spp.
Ungulate species	n_P	IP (95% CI)	n_P	IP (95% CI)	n_P	IP (95% CI)	n_P	IP (95% CI)
Fallow deer (n = 65)	63^a	0.98 (0.92–1.00)	0	0.00	0	0.00	9^c	0.14 (0.06–0.23)
Moose (n = 8)	8^a	1.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	5^d	0.63 (0.13–0.88)
Red deer (n = 28)	28^a	1.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	20^e	0.71 (0.46–0.82)
Roe deer (n = 7)	7^b	1.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	7^f	1.00
Wild boar (n = 34)	24^a	0.71 (0.50–0.82)	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00

n_P Number of positive animals, IP infection prevalence with 95% CI (95% CI are 95% bootstrapped, bias-corrected CI)
^a42 A. phagocytophilum-positive samples from fallow deer, two from moose, 20 from red deer and seven from wild boar were sequenced; all were ecotype 1
^bAll A. phagocytophilum-positive samples from roe deer were sequenced; all were ecotype 2
^cEight Babesia spp.-positive samples from fallow deer were sequenced: two B. capreoli, two B. divergens and three B. odocoilei-EU
^dThree Babesia spp.-positive samples from moose were sequencend: B. odocoilei-EU
^e16 Babesia spp. positive-samples from red deer were sequenced: six B. divergens, three B. odocoilei-EU, one B. venatorum and six B. divergens and B. venatorum
^fAll Babesia spp.-positive samples from roe deer were sequenced: three B. capreoli, three B. capreoli and B. venatorum and one B. capreoli, B. divergens and B. venatorum, respectively

ISSN: 1756-3305