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Table 1 Number of dogs positive for Dirofilaria immitis and Leishmania infantum infections at three time points in 2020, prevalence of both infections in 2020 and number of new cases in March 2021

From: Efficacy of afoxolaner (NexGard®) in preventing the transmission of Leishmania infantum and Dirofilaria immitis to sheltered dogs in a highly endemic area

Time pointsa

Leishmania infantum

Dirofilaria immitis

IFAT-positive, n

IFAT-negative, n

Prevalence, n/total (%)

95% CI

Positive, n

Negative, n

Prevalence, n/total (%)

95% CI

Knott’s test

SNAP test

T0 (March 2020)

76

103 (G1-L)

76/179 (42.5)

35.4–49.8

68

115

63 (G1-D)

116d/179 (64.8)

57.6–71.4

T1 (June 2020)

86

83 (retained from 93b,c)

86/179 (48)

40.8–55.3

19

23

40

139/179 (77.7)

71.0–83.1

T2 (October 2020)

nt

nt

na

na

5

9

27 (retained from 30 b,c)

149d/179 (83.2)

77.1–88.0

T3 (March 2021) or seasonal infection rate (incidence)

3

80

3/83 (3.6)

1.0–10.1

1

1

26

1/27 (3.7)

0.2–18.1

  1. CI Confidence interval, IFAT immunofluorescence antibody test,nt not tested, na not applicable
  2. aT0, enrollment (day 0 ); T1, T0 + 90 days); T2, T0 + 210 days; T0 + 330 days
  3. bOne and five dogs negative for D. immitis and L. infantum, respectively, were adopted after T2 and lost to further follow-up; therefore, they were not included in the evaluation of the post-treatment incidence in March 2021
  4. cThree and five dogs negative for D. immitis and L. infantum, respectively, were included later in the study (T1 and T2) and their T3 (day + 330) was in April/June 2021; these dogs were therefore not included in the evaluation of the post-treatment incidence in March 2021
  5. dThe number of positive dogs increased by 1 based on quantitative PCR