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Fig. 1 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 1

From: Urine metabolites for the identification of Onchocerca volvulus infections in patients from Cameroon

Fig. 1

Amounts of NATOG in urine samples of individuals from Cameroon infected with filariasis. NATOG, D3-NATOG and creatinine were measured by LC-MS/MS. a NATOG (in µM) normalized to the internal standard D3-NATOG. The dashed and dotted lines depict the thresholds of 10 µM and 1.5 µM NATOG for diagnosis of O. volvulus infections, respectively. b NATOG normalized to creatinine (ratio of peak areas). The dashed line indicates a ratio of NATOG to creatinine of 0.05. The red lines indicate the means of the corresponding data. The data to the right of the vertical line contain results for non-infected, Loa loa (Ll)-infected, Mansonella perstans (Mp)-infected, Onchocerca volvulus (Ov)-infected, multiple infections (Ov, Ll, Mp). The data to the left of the vertical line contain the results for all controls (all non-infected samples and samples from individuals negative for Ov) and all O. volvulus-infected (Ov-, Ov + Ll, Ov + Mp and Ov + Ll + Mp-infected). Significance calculated with Mann-Whitney U test, GraphPad Prism version 9.1. c Correlation of NATOG contents (normalized to D3-NATOG) in urine with O. volvulus microfilarial load. The NATOG contents (in µM) in the urine samples were plotted vs. the number of O. volvulus microfilaria (Additional file 4: Table S1). d Correlation of NATOG contents normalized to creatinine in urine with O. volvulus microfilarial load. The NATOG contents (peak area ratios) in the urine samples were plotted vs. the number of O. volvulus microfilaria. The dashed lines show the regression lines and the R2 values. Note that samples with 0 microfilaria include all non-infected, Ll-infected, Mp-infected and some Ov-infected and multiple-infected samples

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