Changes in serum biomarkers of inflammation in bovine besnoitiosis

González-Barrio, David; Huertas-López, Ana; Diezma-Díaz, Carlos; Ferre, Ignacio; Cerón, José Joaquín; Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel; Álvarez-García, Gema

doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04991-0

Parasites & Vectors

Table 2 Summary of the most relevant results regarding clinical signs and serological results in acutely infected bulls [6, 13]

From: Changes in serum biomarkers of inflammation in bovine besnoitiosis

Group	Bull number	Systemic clinical signs/ lesions	Lesions in testicles		Parasite DNA detection	Immune response
			Macroscopic lesions	Microscopic findings		Humoral
						IgM	IgG	WB	IgG avidity
Early acute infection	A1^a	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A2	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A3	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A4	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A5	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A6	Fever, pneumonia, oedema in limbs	Orchitis, petechiae, haemorrhages and hydrocele	Vascular damage, inflammatory infiltrate, skin lesions and aspermia	Yes	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A7	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A8	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A9	Fever, pneumonia, oedema in limbs	Orchitis, petechiae, haemorrhages and hydrocele	Vascular damage, inflammatory infiltrate and skin lesions	Yes	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A10	Fever, pneumonia, oedema in limbs	Orchitis, petechiae, haemorrhages and hydrocele	Vascular damage, inflammatory infiltrate, skin lesions and aspermia	Yes	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
	A11	Fever, pneumonia, oedema in limbs	Orchitis, petechiae, haemorrhages and hydrocele	Vascular damage, inflammatory infiltrate, skin lesions and aspermia	Yes	Pos	Neg	Neg	nd
Late acute infection	A1^b	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Pos	Pos	Low
	A2	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Pos	Pos	Low
	A3	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Pos	Pos	Low
	A4	Fever	Orchitis	nd	nd	Pos	Pos	Pos	Low
	A5	Fever	Orchitis	nd	Yes	Pos	Pos	Pos	Low
	A6	Fever, pneumonia, oedema in limbs	Orchitis, petechiae, haemorrhages and hydrocele	Vascular damage, inflammatory infiltrate, skin lesions and aspermia	Yes	Pos	Pos	Pos	Intermediate
	A12	Congestive scleral conjunctiva	Orchitis, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and ulcers	Vascular damage, inflammatory infiltrate, skin lesions and tissue cysts (average diameter of tissue cysts = 56.6 μm)	Yes	Pos	Pos	Pos	Intermediate

nd not determined, Pos positive, Neg negative ^aBulls (A1–A6) were sampled twice at a 3-week interval as previously described in Diezma-Diaz et al. [44]. The second sampling was representative of a late acute infection, with all bulls showing IgG seroconversion

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ISSN: 1756-3305

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