Fig. 5
Scanning electron micrographs of S. japonicum male worms exposed to PDb. After 72 h of incubation, the gynecophoral canal (GC), oral sucker, and tegumental crest showed severe injury including blisters (BS) and extensive sloughing (SL), with exposure of the subtegumental muscle layer (ML), muscle injury (MI), and muscle dissolution (MD) (a, b, d–f). The ventral sucker of the worms showed extensive swelling (SW), surface fusion, and spine loss (S), with the formation of long irregular disorganized splits (DS) (c). PDb = 100 µM PZQ combined with 100 µM DW-3-15. Scale bars: a, 100 µm; b, 10 µm; c, 5 µm; d, 200 µm; e, 40 µm; f, 3 µm